-- dump date 20120504_163040 -- class Genbank::CDS -- table cds_note -- id note YP_595733.1 binds to the dnaA-box as an ATP-bound complex at the origin of replication during the initiation of chromosomal replication; can also affect transcription of multiple genes including itself. YP_595734.1 binds the polymerase to DNA and acts as a sliding clamp YP_595736.1 translation-associated GTPase; the crystal structure of the Haemophilus influenzae YchF protein showed similarity to the yeast structure (PDB: 1NI3); fluorescence spectroscopy revealed nucleic acid binding; the yeast protein YBR025c interacts with the translation elongation factor eEF1 YP_595737.1 Enables the recycling of peptidyl-tRNAs produced at termination of translation YP_595750.1 catalyzes the formation of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and ATP YP_595751.1 involved in DNA repair and RecFOR pathway recombination; RecFOR proteins displace ssDNA-binding protein and facilitate the production of RecA-coated ssDNA YP_595752.1 involved in acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate to form 1-acyl-glycerol-3 phosphate for use in phospholipid biosynthesis; functions with PlsY YP_595753.1 carries the fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis YP_595754.1 catalyzes the formation of (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4- carboxamido)succinate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate and L-aspartate in purine biosynthesis; SAICAR synthase YP_595756.1 Catalyzes first step of the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway YP_595757.1 catalyzes the formation of 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-aminoimidazole from 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phosphoribosyl)acetamidine and ATP in purine biosynthesis YP_595758.1 glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase; GAR Tfase; catalyzes the synthesis of 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamide from 5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate; PurN requires formyl folate for the reaction unlike PurT which uses formate YP_595759.1 involved in de novo purine biosynthesis YP_595761.1 catalyzes the formation of N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine and glycine in purine biosynthesis YP_595763.1 With PurE catalyzes the conversion of aminoimidazole ribonucleotide to carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide in the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway YP_595766.1 Catalyzes two discrete reactions in the de novo synthesis of purines: the cleavage of adenylosuccinate and succinylaminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide YP_595768.1 promotes strand exchange during homologous recombination; RuvAB complex promotes branch migration; RuvABC complex scans the DNA during branch migration and resolves Holliday junctions at consensus sequences; forms hexameric rings around opposite DNA arms; requires ATP for branch migration and orientation of RuvAB complex determines direction of migration YP_595773.1 similar to zinc-dependent eukaryotic ADH enzymes and distinct from fermentative ADHs YP_595775.1 NusE; involved in assembly of the 30S subunit; in the ribosome, this protein is involved in the binding of tRNA; in Escherichia coli this protein was also found to be involved in transcription antitermination; NusB/S10 heterodimers bind boxA sequences in the leader RNA of rrn operons which is required for antitermination; binding of NusB/S10 to boxA nucleates assembly of the antitermination complex YP_595776.1 binds directly near the 3' end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit; essential for peptidyltransferase activity; mutations in this gene confer resistance to tiamulin YP_595777.1 L4 is important during the early stages of 50S assembly; it initially binds near the 5' end of the 23S rRNA YP_595778.1 binds third domain of 23S rRNA and protein L29; part of exit tunnel YP_595779.1 one of the primary rRNA-binding proteins; required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation YP_595780.2 protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA YP_595781.1 binds specifically to 23S rRNA during the early stages of 50S assembly; makes contact with all 6 domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome; mutations in this gene result in erythromycin resistance; located near peptidyl-transferase center YP_595782.1 forms a complex with S10 and S14; binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head and the mRNA in the complete ribosome to position it for translation YP_595783.1 located in the peptidyl transferase center and may be involved in peptidyl transferase activity; similar to archaeal L10e YP_595784.1 one of the stabilizing components for the large ribosomal subunit YP_595785.1 primary binding protein; helps mediate assembly; involved in translation fidelity YP_595786.1 binds to the 23S rRNA between the centers for peptidyl transferase and GTPase YP_595787.1 assembly initiator protein; binds to 5' end of 23S rRNA and nucleates assembly of the 50S; surrounds polypeptide exit tunnel YP_595788.1 part of 50S and 5S/L5/L18/L25 subcomplex; contacts 5S rRNA and P site tRNA; forms a bridge to the 30S subunit in the ribosome by binding to S13 YP_595789.1 located in the peptidyl transferase center and involved in assembly of 30S ribosome subunit; similar to what is observed with proteins L31 and L33, some proteins in this family contain CXXC motifs that are involved in zinc binding; if two copies are present in a genome, then the duplicated copy appears to have lost the zinc-binding motif and is instead regulated by zinc; the proteins in this group appear to contain the zinc-binding motif YP_595790.1 binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit YP_595791.1 ribosomal protein L6 appears to have arisen as a result of an ancient gene duplication as based on structural comparison of the Bacillus stearothermophilus protein; RNA-binding appears to be in the C-terminal domain; mutations in the L6 gene confer resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin and these occur in truncations of the C-terminal domain; it has been localized to a region between the base of the L7/L12 stalk and the central protuberance YP_595792.1 binds 5S rRNA along with protein L5 and L25 YP_595793.1 located at the back of the 30S subunit body where it stabilizes the conformation of the head with respect to the body; contacts S4 and S8; with S4 and S12 plays a role in translational accuracy; mutations in this gene result in spectinomycin resistance YP_595794.1 L30 binds domain II of the 23S rRNA and the 5S rRNA; similar to eukaryotic protein L7 YP_595795.1 late assembly protein YP_595796.2 forms heterotrimeric complex in the membrane; in bacteria the complex consists of SecY which forms the channel pore and SecE and SecG; the SecG subunit is not essential; in bacteria translocation is driven via the SecA ATPase YP_595797.1 essential enzyme that recycles AMP in active cells; converts ATP and AMP to two molecules of ADP YP_595798.1 stimulates the activities of the other two initiation factors, IF-2 and IF-3 YP_595799.1 smallest protein in the large subunit; similar to what is found with protein L31 and L33 several bacterial genomes contain paralogs which may be regulated by zinc; the protein from Thermus thermophilus has a zinc-binding motif and contains a bound zinc ion; the proteins in this group have the motif YP_595800.1 located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA; makes contact with the large subunit via RNA-protein interactions and via protein-protein interactions with L5; contacts P-site tRNA YP_595801.1 located on the platform of the 30S subunit, it bridges several disparate RNA helices of the 16S rRNA; forms part of the Shine-Dalgarno cleft in the 70S ribosome; interacts with S7 and S18 and IF-3 YP_595802.1 catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Dimerization of the alpha subunit is the first step in the sequential assembly of subunits to form the holoenzyme YP_595803.1 is a component of the macrolide binding site in the peptidyl transferase center YP_595813.1 catalyzes the formation of tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) from tyrosine and tRNA(Tyr) YP_595817.1 DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Subunit beta' binds to sigma factor allowing it to bind to the -10 region of the promoter YP_595827.1 AckA utilizes acetate and can acetylate CheY which increases signal strength during flagellar rotation; utilizes magnesium and ATP; also involved in conversion of acetate to aceyl-CoA YP_595829.1 catalyzes the formation of L-proline from pyrroline-5-carboxylate YP_595835.1 binds to single stranded DNA and may facilitate the binding and interaction of other proteins to DNA YP_595836.1 deoxyguanosine kinase YP_595838.1 becomes active under oxidative stress; four conserved cysteines bind a zinc atom when they are in the reduced state and the enzyme is inactive; oxidative stress results in oxidized cysteines, release of zinc, and binding of Hsp33 to aggregation-prone proteins; forms dimers and higher order oligomers YP_595860.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit I is part of the membrane proton channel. YP_595861.2 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the K subunit is a nonenzymatic component which binds the dimeric form by interacting with the G and E subunits YP_595864.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the F subunit is part of the catalytic core of the ATP synthase complex YP_595865.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the A subunit is part of the catalytic core of the ATP synthase complex YP_595866.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the B subunit is part of the catalytic core of the ATP synthase complex YP_595867.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the D subunit is part of the catalytic core of the ATP synthase complex YP_595870.1 catalyzes the formation of N6-(1,2,-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP from L-aspartate, inosine monophosphate and GTP in AMP biosynthesis YP_595872.1 Modulates Rho-dependent transcription termination YP_595881.1 leucine--tRNA ligase; LeuRS; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; charges leucine by linking carboxyl group to alpha-phosphate of ATP and then transfers aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; due to the large number of codons that tRNA(Leu) recognizes, the leucyl-tRNA synthetase does not recognize the anticodon loop of the tRNA, but instead recognition is dependent on a conserved discriminator base A37 and a long arm; an editing domain hydrolyzes misformed products; in Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus this enzyme associates with prolyl-tRNA synthetase YP_595882.1 membrane component; functions with enzymes IIB (sgaB; ulaB) and IIA (sgaA; ulaC) enzyme I and HPr for anaerobic utilization and uptake of L-ascorbate; sgaTBA are regulated by yifQ as well as Crp and Fnr YP_595885.1 catalyzes the formation of L-xylulose-5-phosphate from 3-keto-L-gulonate-6-phosphate in anaerobic L-ascorbate utilization YP_595886.1 L-xylulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase activity not yet demonstrated; may be involved in the utilization of 2,3-diketo-L-gulonate YP_595887.1 catalyzes the formation of D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ribulose 5-phosphate in the L-arabinose and L-ascorbate degradation pathways YP_595892.1 glycine betaine-binding protein YP_595893.1 has 3'-5' exonuclease, 5'-3' exonuclease and 5'-3'polymerase activities, primarily functions to fill gaps during DNA replication and repair YP_595904.1 catalyzes the formation of pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from nictinate D-ribonucleotide YP_595909.1 Exchanges the guanine residue with 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr) YP_595915.1 peptidoglycan endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase YP_595919.1 functions in sugar metabolism in glycolysis and the Embden-Meyerhof pathways (EMP) and in gluconeogenesis; catalyzes reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate; member of PGI family YP_595927.1 catalyzes the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of glycerol 3-phosphate to glycerone phosphate YP_595932.1 catalyzes the formation of dUMP from dUTP YP_595933.1 Sms; stabilizes the strand-invasion intermediate during the DNA repair; involved in recombination of donor DNA and plays an important role in DNA damage repair after exposure to mutagenic agents YP_595936.1 Charges one glutamine molecule and pairs it to its corresponding RNA trinucleotide during protein translation YP_595940.1 protein component of RNaseP which catalyzes the removal of the 5'-leader sequence from pre-tRNA to produce the mature 5'terminus; this enzyme also cleaves other RNA substrates YP_595944.1 in Escherichia coli transcription of this gene is enhanced by polyamines YP_595945.1 Converts N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate to N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate YP_595951.1 transcriptional regulator YP_595955.1 catalyzes the transfer of a total of four methyl groups from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (S-AdoMet) to two adjacent adenosine bases A1518 and A1519 in 16S rRNA; mutations in ksgA causes resistance to the translation initiation inhibitor kasugamycin YP_595958.1 catalyzes the interconversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to xylulose 5-phosphate YP_595964.1 interacts with and stabilizes bases of the 16S rRNA that are involved in tRNA selection in the A site and with the mRNA backbone; located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits, it traverses the body of the 30S subunit contacting proteins on the other side; mutations in the S12 gene confer streptomycin resistance YP_595965.1 binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit YP_595966.1 EF-G; promotes GTP-dependent translocation of the ribosome during translation; many organisms have multiple copies of this gene YP_595970.1 amino acid ABC transporter permease YP_595972.1 BacA; phosphatase activity in Escherichia coli not kinase; involved in bacitracin resistance as bacitracin supposedly sequesters undecaprenyl disphosphate which reduces the pool of lipid carrier available to the cell YP_595973.1 enables recognition and targeting of proteins for proteolysis, involved in negative regulation of competence YP_595978.1 selenocysteine lyase YP_595992.1 in Bacillus subtilis this enzyme appears to be involved in 30S ribosomal RNA subunit biogenesis YP_595994.1 transfers an adenyl group from ATP to NaMN to form nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) which is then converted to the ubiquitous compound NAD by NAD synthetase; essential enzyme in bacteria YP_596006.1 involved in the import of serine and threonine coupled with the import of sodium YP_596009.1 glucose-inhibited division protein B; SAM-dependent methyltransferase; methylates the N7 position of guanosine in position 527 of 16S rRNA YP_596011.1 metalloprotease YP_596018.1 Primosomal protein that may act to load helicase DnaC during DNA replication YP_596019.1 EngA; essential Neisserial GTPase; synchronizes cellular events by interacting with multiple targets with tandem G-domains; overexpression in Escherichia coli suppresses rrmJ mutation; structural analysis of the Thermotoga maritima ortholog shows different nucleotide binding affinities in the two binding domains YP_596022.1 Catalyzes the formation of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine from UDP-N-acetylmuramate and L-alanine in peptidoglycan synthesis YP_596025.1 necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites; arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus YP_596027.1 involved in biogenesis of membrane proteins; Firmicutes specific proteins are shorter than other bacterial counterparts and have a signal peptide and lipid attachment site YP_596028.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of acylphosphate YP_596034.1 converts L-glutamate to D-glutamate, a component of peptidoglycan YP_596035.1 HAM1-like protein; Rec-dependent growth; RgdB; yggV; it is suspected that this protein functions to remove misincorporated bases such as xanthine or hypoxanthine YP_596038.1 site-specific tyrosine recombinase which cuts and rejoins DNA molecules; binds cooperatively to specific DNA consensus sites; forms a heterotetrameric complex with XerC; XerCD exhibit similar sequences; essential to convert chromosome dimers to monomers during cell division and functions during plasmid segregation; cell division protein FtsK may regulate the XerCD complex; enzyme from Streptococcus group has unusual active site motifs YP_596039.1 functions during chromosome segregation; may form a condensin-like structure with SMC and ScpB YP_596040.1 functions during chromosome segregation; may form a condensin-like structure with SMC and ScpA; forms a homodimer YP_596050.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to phosphate YP_596056.1 involved in cell wall formation; peptidoglycan synthesis; cytoplasmic enzyme; catalyzes the addition of lysine to UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate forming UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysine YP_596058.1 Catalyzes the formation of uracil and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosy 1-diphosphate from UMP and diphosphate YP_596060.1 hydrolyzes proteins to small peptides; with the ATPase subunits ClpA or ClpX, ClpP degrades specific substrates YP_596064.1 catalyzes the reversible phosphoryl transfer from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) to form thymidine diphosphate (dTDP) YP_596065.1 catalyzes the DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of a DNA strand; the delta' subunit seems to interact with the gamma subunit to transfer the beta subunit on the DNA. YP_596069.1 in Bacillus subtilis this protein is involved in the negative regulation of DNA replication initiation; interacts with DnaN and DnaA YP_596080.1 methionine--tRNA ligase; MetRS; adds methionine to tRNA(Met) with cleavage of ATP to AMP and diphosphate; some MetRS enzymes form dimers depending on a C-terminal domain that is also found in other proteins such as Trbp111 in Aquifex aeolicus and the cold-shock protein CsaA from Bacillus subtilis while others do not; four subfamilies exist based on sequence motifs and zinc content YP_596082.1 B2 or R2 protein; type 1b enzyme; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis; converts nucleotides to deoxynucleotides; forms a homodimer and then a multimeric complex with NrdE YP_596083.1 in Salmonella NrdI has a stimulatory effect on the ribonucleotide reductase activity of NrdH with NrdEF YP_596084.1 Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis YP_596094.1 Catalyzes the first of the two reduction steps in the elongation cycle of fatty acid synthesis YP_596097.1 forms a homotrimer; catalyzes the acetylation of glucosamine-1-phosphate and uridylation of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate to produce UDP-GlcNAc; function in cell wall synthesis YP_596100.1 enables the cleavage of the glycosidic bond in both 5'-methylthioadenosine and S-adenosylhomocysteine YP_596109.2 binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA YP_596110.1 in Escherichia coli and Methanococcus, this protein autoregulates expression; the binding site in the mRNA mimics the binding site in the 23S rRNA YP_596111.1 Catalyzes the phosphorylation of UMP to UDP YP_596112.1 Rrf; Frr; ribosome-recycling factor; release factor 4; RF4; recycles ribosomes upon translation termination along with release factor RF-3 and elongation factor EF-G; A GTPase-dependent process results in release of 50S from 70S; inhibited by release factor RF-1; essential for viability; structurally similar to tRNAs YP_596114.1 this stereospecific enzymes reduces the S isomer of methionine sulfoxide while MsrB reduces the R form; provides protection against oxidative stress YP_596117.1 in group A Streptococci this protein was found to cross react with anti myosin antibodies and may play a role in rheumatic fever YP_596122.1 Era; Escherichia coli Ras-like protein; Bex; Bacillus Era-complementing segment; essential protein in Escherichia coli that is involved in many cellular processes; GTPase; binds the cell membrane through apparent C-terminal domain; mutants are arrested during the cell cycle; Streptococcus pneumoniae Era binds to RNA and Escherichia coli Era binds 16S rRNA and 30S ribosome YP_596139.1 Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases YP_596140.1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of the 3'-hydroxyl group of dephosphocoenzyme A to form coenzyme A; involved in coenzyme A biosynthesis YP_596143.1 in Escherichia coli BM108, a mutation that results in lack of L33 synthesis had no effect on ribosome synthesis or function; there are paralogous genes in several bacterial genomes, and a CXXC motif for zinc binding and an upstream regulation region of the paralog lacking this motif that are regulated by zinc similar to other ribosomal proteins like L31; the proteins in this group lack the CXXC motif YP_596146.1 binds to ssrA RNA (tmRNA) and is required for its successful binding to ribosomes; also appears to function in the trans-translation step by promoting accommodation of tmRNA into the ribosomal A site; SmpB protects the tmRNA from RNase R degradation in Caulobacter crescentus; both the tmRNA and SmpB are regulated in cell cycle-dependent manner; functions in release of stalled ribosomes from damaged mRNAs and targeting proteins for degradation YP_596148.1 catalyzes the removal of 5-oxoproline from various penultimate amino acid residues except L-proline YP_596158.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a threonine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; catalyzes the formation of threonyl-tRNA(Thr) from threonine and tRNA(Thr) YP_596169.1 cytoplasmic enzyme involved in processing rRNA and some mRNAs; substrates typically have dsRNA regions; forms a homodimer; have N-terminal nuclease and C-terminal RNA-binding domains; requires magnesium as preferred ion for activity YP_596172.1 AroE; catalyzes the conversion of shikimate to 3-dehydroshikimate YP_596176.1 catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP YP_596207.2 catalyzes the phosphorylation of the phosphocarrier protein HPr of the bacterial phosphotransferase system YP_596208.1 transfers the N-acyl diglyceride moiety to the prospective N-terminal cysteine in prolipoprotein YP_596217.1 class II; LysRS2; catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a lysine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; in Methanosarcina barkeri, LysRS2 charges both tRNA molecules for lysine that exist in this organism and in addition can charge the tRNAPyl with lysine in the presence of LysRS1 YP_596227.1 catalyzes the formation of oxaloacetate from phosphoenolpyruvate YP_596230.2 EF-Tu; promotes GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; when the tRNA anticodon matches the mRNA codon, GTP hydrolysis results; the inactive EF-Tu-GDP leaves the ribosome and release of GDP is promoted by elongation factor Ts; many prokaryotes have two copies of the gene encoding EF-Tu YP_596231.1 Reversibly isomerizes the ketone sugar dihydroxyacetone phosphate to the aldehyde sugar glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate YP_596233.1 UDP-N-acetylmuramoylpentapeptide-lysine N(6)-seryltransferase YP_596247.1 Involved in the nonphosphorylative, ketogenic oxidation of glucose and oxidizes gluconate to 5-ketogluconate YP_596250.1 catalyzes the formation of pyruvate and glyoxylate from 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate; or pyruvate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-glyconate 6-phosphate YP_596251.1 glucose-1-phosphate phosphodismutase YP_596253.1 recognizes the termination signals UGA and UAA during protein translation a specificity which is dependent on amino acid residues residing in loops of the L-shaped tRNA-like molecule of RF2; in some organisms control of PrfB protein levels is maintained through a +1 ribosomal frameshifting mechanism; this protein is similar to release factor 1 YP_596258.1 unwinds DNA YP_596259.1 catalyzes the formation of oxalozcetate and L-glutamate from L-aspartate and 2-oxoglutarate YP_596260.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an asparagine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_596261.1 contains P-loop YP_596331.1 RpmE2; there appears to be two types of ribosomal proteins L31 in bacterial genomes; some contain a CxxC motif while others do not; Bacillus subtilis has both types; the proteins in this cluster do not have the CXXC motif; RpmE is found in exponentially growing Bacilli while YtiA was found after exponential growth; expression of ytiA is controlled by a zinc-specific transcriptional repressor; RpmE contains one zinc ion and a CxxC motif is responsible for this binding; forms an RNP particle along with proteins L5, L18, and L25 and 5S rRNA; found crosslinked to L2 and L25 and EF-G; may be near the peptidyltransferase site of the 50S ribosome YP_596333.1 An electron-transfer protein; flavodoxin binds one FMN molecule, which serves as a redox-active prosthetic group YP_596336.1 this protein is located at the 30S-50S ribosomal subunit interface and may play a role in the structure and function of the aminoacyl-tRNA binding site YP_596338.1 negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded DNA YP_596339.1 acts to negatively regulates ftsZ ring formation by modulating the frequency and position of the ftsZ ring formation YP_596341.1 enolase; catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate in glycolysis YP_596359.1 this protein catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester linkages between 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl groups in double-stranded DNA using NAD as a coenzyme and as the energy source for the reaction; essential for DNA replication and repair of damaged DNA; similar to ligase LigB YP_596360.1 similar to YegS from E. coli YP_596361.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; subunit C is part of the membrane proton channel F0 YP_596362.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit A is part of the membrane proton channel F0 YP_596363.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit B is part of the membrane proton channel. YP_596364.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the delta subunit is part of the catalytic core of the ATP synthase complex YP_596365.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the alpha chain is a catalytic subunit YP_596366.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The gamma chain is a regulatory subunit YP_596367.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The beta chain is a regulatory subunit YP_596368.1 part of catalytic core of ATP synthase; alpha(3)beta(3)gamma(1)delta(1)epsilon(1); involved in producing ATP from ADP in the presence of the proton motive force across the membrane YP_596370.1 adds enolpyruvyl to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as a component of cell wall formation; gram-positive bacteria have 2 copies of MurA which are active YP_596373.2 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a phenylalanine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; forms a heterotetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); binds two magnesium ions per tetramer; type 1 subfamily YP_596374.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a phenylalanine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; forms a tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); binds two magnesium ions per tetramer; type 2 subfamily YP_596383.2 a small basic protein that is one of the last in the subunit assembly; omission does not prevent assembly but the subunit is inactive; binds central domain of 16S rRNA YP_596385.1 synthesizes RNA primers at the replication forks YP_596386.1 sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released; primary sigma factor of bacterium YP_596395.1 alpha-L-Rha alpha-1,3-L-rhamnosyltransferase YP_596401.1 catalyzes the release of the N-terminal amino acid from a tripeptide YP_596405.1 Catalyzes the formation of (d)CDP from ATP and (d)CMP YP_596406.1 IF-3 has several functions that are required and promote translation initiation including; preventing association of 70S by binding to 30S; monitoring codon-anticodon interactions by promoting disassociation of fMet-tRNA(fMet) from initiation complexes formed on leaderless mRNAs or incorrectly bound noninitiatior tRNAs and complexes with noncanonical start sites; stimulates codon-anticodon interactions at P-site; involved in moving mRNA to the P-site; and in recycling subunits YP_596408.1 binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA prior to in vitro assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunit YP_596411.1 catalyzes the dehydration of 3-dehydroquinate to form 3-dehydroshikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_596412.1 catalyzes the formation of chorismate from 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_596414.1 catalyzes the reduction of 2 glutathione to glutathione disulfide; maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol; involved in redox regulation and oxidative defense YP_596415.1 folylpolyglutamate synthase YP_596417.1 selenocysteine lyase YP_596418.1 Required for the synthesis of the thiazole moiety YP_596422.1 involved in the peptidyltransferase reaction during translation YP_596424.1 lipoprotein signal peptidase; integral membrane protein that removes signal peptides from prolipoproteins during lipoprotein biosynthesis YP_596426.1 regulates pyrimidine biosynthesis by binding to the mRNA of the pyr genes, also has been shown to have uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity YP_596428.1 catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl moiety from carbamoyl phosphate to L- aspartate in pyrimidine biosynthesis YP_596429.1 catalyzes production of carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate and glutamine in pyrimidine and arginine biosynthesis pathways; forms an octamer composed of four CarAB dimers YP_596431.2 four CarB-CarA dimers form the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase holoenzyme that catalyzes the production of carbamoyl phosphate; CarB is responsible for the amidotransferase activity YP_596436.1 binds to lower part of 30S body where it stabilizes two domains; required for efficient assembly of 30S; in Escherichia coli this protein has nuclease activity YP_596442.1 Essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA YP_596443.1 methylates guanosine-37 in various tRNAs; uses S-adenosyl-L-methionine to transfer methyl group to tRNA YP_596446.1 ketopantoate reductase; catalyzes the NADPH reduction of ketopantoate to pantoate; functions in pantothenate (vitamin B5) biosynthesis YP_596460.1 catalyzes the addition and repair of the 3'-terminal CCA sequence in tRNA; these proteins belong to the CCA-adding enzyme subfamily 2 which does not have phosphohydrolase activity YP_596464.1 cleaves off formyl group from N-terminal methionine residues of newly synthesized proteins; binds iron(2+) YP_596472.1 catalyzes the isomerization of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate YP_596476.1 ThyA; catalyzes formation of dTMP and 7,8-dihydrofolate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and dUMP; involved in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis; there are 2 copies in some Bacilli, one of which appears to be phage-derived YP_596479.1 binds and unfolds substrates as part of the ClpXP protease YP_596480.1 binds guanine nucleotides; in Escherichia coli depletion results in defective cell division and filamentation; in Bacillus subtilis this gene is essential YP_596483.1 Catalyzes D-ribose 5-phosphate --> D-ribulose 5-phosphate in the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway YP_596484.1 catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between the C1 and C5 carbons of pentose YP_596486.1 catalyzes the formation of a purine and ribose phosphate from a purine nucleoside; in E. coli this enzyme functions in xanthosine degradation YP_596487.1 catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of ribonucleosides and 2'- deoxyribonucleosides to the free base and (2'-deoxy)ribose-1- phosphate YP_596491.1 type 1 subfamily; involved in last step of pyrimidine biosynthesis; converts orotidine 5'-phosphate to UMP and carbon dioxide; OMP decarboxylase; OMPDCase; OMPdecase YP_596492.1 involved in fifth step of pyrimidine biosynthesis; converts orotidine 5'-phosphate and diphosphate to orotate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate YP_596493.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of a monocarboxylic acid amid to form a monocarboxylate and ammonia YP_596496.1 Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine YP_596497.1 catalyzes the formation of N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate from (S)-dihydroorotate in pyrimidine biosynthesis YP_596498.1 involved in acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate to form 1-acyl-glycerol-3 phosphate for use in phospholipid biosynthesis; functions with PlsX YP_596499.1 decatenates newly replicated chromosomal DNA and relaxes positive and negative DNA supercoiling YP_596500.1 decatenates newly replicated chromosomal DNA and relaxes positive and negative DNA supercoiling YP_596501.1 catalyzes the transamination of the branched-chain amino acids to their respective alpha-keto acids YP_596503.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is involved in binding to the leader sequence of mRNAs and is itself bound to the 30S subunit; autoregulates expression via a C-terminal domain; in most gram negative organisms this protein is composed of 6 repeats of the S1 domain while in gram positive there are 4 repeats; the S1 nucleic acid-binding domain is found associated with other proteins YP_596511.1 IPP transferase; isopentenyltransferase; involved in tRNA modification; in Escherichia coli this enzyme catalyzes the addition of a delta2-isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate to the N6-nitrogen of adenosine adjacent to the anticodon of tRNA species that read codons starting with uracil; further tRNA modifications may occur; mutations in miaA result in defects in translation efficiency and fidelity YP_596514.1 member of metallo-beta-lactamase; the purified enzyme from Escherichia coli forms dimeric zinc phosphodiesterase; in Bacillus subtilis this protein is a 3'-tRNA processing endoribonuclease and is essential while in Escherichia coli it is not; associates with two zinc ions YP_596518.1 catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP which is metabolically less costly than a de novo synthesis YP_596587.1 fibronectin-binding protein YP_596610.1 catalyzes the conversion of glucosamine-6-phosphate to glucosamine-1-phosphate YP_596612.1 catalyzes the oxygen-independent formation of protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III YP_596625.1 binds to the ribosome on the universally-conserved alpha-sarcin loop YP_596627.1 this stereospecific enzymes reduces the R isomer of methionine sulfoxide while MsrA reduces the S form; provides protection against oxidative stress YP_596637.1 The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrC both incises the 5' and 3' sides of the lesion. The N-terminal half is responsible for the 3' incision and the C-terminal half is responsible for the 5' incision YP_596639.2 divalent metal ion-dependent extracellular dipeptidase; able to hydrolyze a broad range of dipeptides but no tri-, tetra-, or larger oligopeptides; differences in the amino acid specificity of the cleavage site varies between species; similar to succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylases YP_596640.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is involved in the biosynthesis of the hypermodified nucleoside 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, which is found in the wobble position of some tRNAs and affects ribosomal frameshifting; shows potassium-dependent dimerization and GTP hydrolysis; also involved in regulation of glutamate-dependent acid resistance and activation of gadE YP_596641.2 binds the two ribosomal protein L7/L12 dimers and anchors them to the large ribosomal subunit YP_596642.1 present in two forms; L12 is normal, while L7 is aminoacylated at the N-terminal serine; the only multicopy ribosomal protein; 4:1 ratio of L7/L12 per ribosome; two L12 dimers bind L10; critically important for translation efficiency and fidelity; stimulates GTPase activity of translation factors YP_596654.1 lantibiotic transport permease YP_596655.1 lantibiotic transport permease YP_596670.1 folylpolyglutamate synthase YP_596671.1 involved in the first step of tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis; catalyzes the formation of formate and 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(erythro-1,2, 3-trihydroxypropyl)dihydropteridine triphosphate from GTP and water; forms a homopolymer YP_596675.1 catalyzes the reduction of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvate to form UDP-N-acetylmuramate in peptidoglycan biosynthesis YP_596685.1 Class B; non-specific; catalyzes the dephosphorylation of organic phosphomonoesters; also has phosphotransferase activity YP_596690.1 Involved in DNA double-strand break repair and recombination. Promotes the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA and by simulation of RAD51 recombinase YP_596692.1 modulates transcription in response to the NADH/NAD(+) redox state YP_596694.1 selenocysteine lyase YP_596695.1 catalyzes the formation of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and ATP YP_596698.1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD to NADP YP_596700.1 in Salmonella this enzyme is required for ethanolamine catabolism; has higher affinity for CoA than Pta YP_596704.1 glycine betaine-binding protein YP_596706.1 Catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoribosyl moiety from 5-phospho--D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRib-PP) to the 6-oxo-guanine and -xanthine YP_596709.1 4-OT; member of subfamily 5; forms a dimer; the function in the Escherichia coli cell is unknown YP_596710.1 catalyzes the formation of thymidine 5'-phosphate from thymidine YP_596711.1 recognizes the termination signals UAG and UAA during protein translation a specificity which is dependent on amino acid residues residing in loops of the L-shaped tRNA-like molecule of RF1; this protein is similar to release factor 2 YP_596715.1 catalyzes the reaction of glycine with 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to form L-serine and tetrahydrofolate YP_596722.1 Converts (S)-lactate and NAD(+) to pyruvate and NADH YP_596723.1 negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded DNA YP_596729.1 hemolysin III-like protein YP_596731.1 essential GTPase; functions in ribosome assembly; binds a unique part of the 23S rRNA; interacts with ribosomal protein L25(Ctc) YP_596732.1 RNH2; RNase HII; binds manganese; endonuclease which specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids YP_596734.1 catalyzes the ATP-dependent breakage of single-stranded DNA followed by passage and rejoining, maintains net negative superhelicity YP_596738.1 catalyzes the formation of pyruvate from lactate YP_596741.1 TrmFO; Gid; glucose-inhibited division protein; similar to GidA; the gene from Bacillus subtilis encodes a tRNA-methyltransferase that utilizes folate as the carbon donor and bound flavin as reductant; modifies tRNA at position 54 (uridine) of the T-psi loop to form a C5-methyluridine YP_596746.1 site-specific tyrosine recombinase which cuts and rejoins DNA molecules; binds cooperatively to specific DNA consensus sites; essential to convert chromosome dimers to monomers during cell division and functions during plasmid segregation; cell division protein FtsK may regulate the XerS YP_596752.1 contains glutamine-hydrolyzing domain and glutamine amidotransferase; GMP-binding domain; functions to produce GMP from XMP in the IMP pathway YP_596753.1 UDP-N-acetylmuramoylpentapeptide-lysine N(6)-seryltransferase YP_596756.1 catalyzes the formation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxal YP_596757.1 transcriptional regulator, GntR family YP_596761.1 catalyzes the formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate from formate and tetrahydrofolate YP_596770.1 decarboxylates 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine to form 4'-phosphopantotheine. YP_596772.1 phosphomannomutase YP_596777.1 Reclaims exogenous and endogenous cytidine and 2'-deoxycytidine molecules for UMP synthesis YP_596779.1 catalyzes the formation of (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate in coenzyme A biosynthesis YP_596780.2 binds directly to the 16S rRNA and is involved in post-translational inhibition of arginine and ornithine decarboxylase YP_596786.1 ATP-binding protein; PstABCS is an ATP dependent phosphate uptake system which is responsible for inorganic phosphate uptake during phosphate starvation YP_596787.1 ATP-binding protein; PstABCS is an ATP dependent phosphate uptake system which is responsible for inorganic phosphate uptake during phosphate starvation YP_596794.1 the anti-alpha factor Spx interacts with RNA polymerase alpha subunit C-terminal domain in a region that interacts with the sigma 70 subunit and may interfere with activation of promoters; in Bacillus subtilis this protein is a substrate for ClpXP protease; blocks transcription of the competence regulatory gene encoded by the srf operon; regulates a number of genes involved in thiol homeostasis including trxA and trxB; monomeric member of ArsC family of proteins; does not bind DNA; contains a disulfide bond between C10 and C13 which may sense disulfide stress YP_596795.1 catalyzes the formation of FMN from riboflavin and the formation of FAD from FMN; in Bacillus the ribC gene has both flavokinase and FAD synthetase activities YP_596796.1 catalyzes isomerization of specific uridines in RNA to pseudouridine; responsible for residues in T loops of many tRNAs YP_596804.1 transcriptional regulator, GntR family YP_596821.1 Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source YP_596823.1 catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate YP_596824.1 catalyzes the formation of D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate in glycolysis YP_596825.1 Catalyzes DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of a DNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Proposed to be responsible for the synthesis of the lagging strand. In the low GC gram positive bacteria this enzyme is less processive and more error prone than its counterpart in other bacteria. YP_596833.1 amylomaltase; acts to release glucose from maltodextrins YP_596844.1 D-alanyl carrier protein subunit; involved in the incorporation of D-alanine into membrane-associated D-alanyl-lipoteichoic acid; D-alanyl carrier protein is the acceptor of activated D-alanine which it donates to a membrane acceptor(D-alanyl transferase) for incorporation into membrane lipoteichoic acid YP_596846.1 transfers D-alanine to the D-alanyl carrier protein during the incorporation of D-alanine into lipoteichoic acid YP_596848.1 The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. The beta-hairpin of the Uvr-B subunit is inserted between the strands, where it probes for the presence of a lesion YP_596849.1 glutamine-binding protein YP_596857.1 transcription antiterminator, BglG family YP_596862.2 essential GTPase; exhibits high exchange rate for GTP/GDP; associates with 50S ribosomal subunit; involved in regulation of chromosomal replication YP_596875.1 catalyzes the formation of shikimate 3-phosphate from shikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_596876.1 catalyzes the formation of 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate from phosphoenolpyruvate and 3-phosphoshikimate in tryptophan biosynthesis YP_596878.1 catalyzes the removal of N-terminal amino acids from peptides and arylamides YP_596882.1 adds enolpyruvyl to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as a component of cell wall formation; gram-positive bacteria have 2 copies of MurA which are active YP_596883.1 catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP; methionine adenosyltransferase YP_596885.1 catalyzes the formation of biotinyl-5'-AMP, also acts as a transcriptional repressor of the biotin operon YP_596890.1 catalyzes the DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of a DNA strand; the tau chain serves as a scaffold to help in the dimerizaton of the alpha,epsilon and theta core complex; the gamma chain seems to interact with the delta and delta' subunits to transfer the beta subunit on the DNA YP_596894.1 functions in pyrimidine salvage; pyrimidine ribonucleoside kinase; phosphorylates nucleosides or dinucleosides to make UMP or CMP using ATP or GTP as the donor YP_596901.1 Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis YP_596902.1 B2 or R2 protein; type 1b enzyme; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis; converts nucleotides to deoxynucleotides; forms a homodimer and then a multimeric complex with NrdE YP_596910.1 Catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an alanyl molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_596911.1 cis/trans isomerase of peptidylprolyl; PPIase; membrane-bound lipoprotein YP_596918.1 Synthesizes oQ from preQ1 in a single S-adenosylmethionine-requiring step YP_596924.1 required for the assembly and function of the DNAX complex which is required for the assembly of the beta subunit onto primed DNA YP_596932.1 stimulates the release of release factors 1 and 2 from the ribosome after hydrolysis of the ester bond in peptidyl-tRNA has occurred; GDP/GTP-binding protein YP_596936.1 D-alanine--D-alanine ligase; DdlA; DdlB; cytoplasmic; catalyzes the formation of D-alanyl-D-alanine from two D-alanines in peptidoglycan synthesis; there are two forms of this enzyme in Escherichia coli YP_596937.1 involved in a recombinational process of DNA repair, independent of the recBC complex YP_596943.1 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent; catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate YP_596945.1 catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway; subclass 1A is a dimer formed by two identical PyrD subunits each containing an FMN group YP_596956.1 geranyltranstransferase YP_596957.1 catalyzes the bidirectional exonucleolytic cleavage of DNA YP_596958.1 bidirectionally degrades single-stranded DNA into large acid-insoluble oligonucleotides YP_596959.1 catalyzes the formation of 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and subsequent formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate from 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate YP_596960.1 phosphomannomutase YP_596969.1 IleRS; catalyzes the formation of isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) from isoleucine and tRNA(Ile); since isoleucine and other amino acids such as valine are similar, there are additional editing function in this enzyme; one is involved in hydrolysis of activated valine-AMP and the other is involved in deacylation of mischarged Val-tRNA(Ile); there are two active sites, one for aminoacylation and one for editing; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; some organisms carry two different copies of this enzyme YP_596975.1 GTPase; similar structure to tubulin; forms ring-shaped polymers at the site of cell division; other proteins such as FtsA, ZipA, and ZapA, interact with and regulate FtsZ function YP_596978.1 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl- (pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase; involved in cell wall formation; inner membrane-associated; last step of peptidoglycan synthesis YP_596979.1 UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine--D-glutamate ligase; involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis; cytoplasmic; catalyzes the addition of glutamate to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine during cell wall formation YP_596985.1 iron-binding ferritin-like antioxidant protein; non-specific DNA-binding protein Dps YP_596987.1 23S rRNA m2A2503 methyltransferase; methylates the C2 position of the A2530 nucleotide in 23S rRNA; may be involved in antibiotic resistance YP_596992.1 Catalyzes the conversion of ATP and pantetheine 4'-phosphate to diphosphate and 3'-dephospho-coA YP_596994.1 catalyzes the formation of asparagine from aspartate and ammonia YP_596995.1 catalyzes the reversible synthesis of carbamate and ATP from carbamoyl phosphate and ADP YP_596998.1 catalyzes the formation of ornithine and carbamylphosphate from citrulline in the arginine catabolic pathway YP_597000.1 catalyzes the degradation of arginine to citruline and ammonia YP_597017.1 valine--tRNA ligase; ValRS; converts valine ATP and tRNA(Val) to AMP PPi and valyl-tRNA(Val); class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase type 1 subfamily; has a posttransfer editing process to hydrolyze mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) which is done by the editing domain YP_597022.1 catalyzes the formation of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-hept-2-ulosonate 7-phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate and D-erythrose 4-phosphate YP_597023.1 catalyzes the formation of 3-dehydroquinate from 3-deoxy-arabino-heptulonate 7-phosphate; functions in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_597036.1 transcription regulator YP_597045.1 binds RecA and inhibits RecA-mediated DNA strand exchange and ATP hydrolysis and coprotease activities YP_597064.1 modifies the free amino group of the aminoacyl moiety of methionyl-tRNA(fMet) which is important in translation initiation; inactivation of this gene in Escherichia coli severely impairs growth YP_597065.1 binding of PriA to forked DNA starts the assembly of the primosome, also possesses 3'-5' helicase activity YP_597066.1 Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C-terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits YP_597067.1 Essential for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP YP_597073.1 catalyzes the formation of acetoacetate from 3-hydroxybutyrate YP_597076.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-ribosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and autoinducer-2 YP_597081.1 functions in homologous recombination, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation; binds preferentially to three- and four-stranded DNA intermediates; introduces specific nick sites in four-stranded DNA substrates; functions similarly to Escherichia coli RuvC YP_597084.1 catalyzes the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NAAD) using either ammonia or glutamine as the amide donor and ATP; ammonia-utilizing enzymes include the ones from Bacillus and Escherichia coli while glutamine-utilizing enzymes include the Mycobacterial one; forms homodimers YP_597085.1 catalyzes the formation of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and nicotinate from nicotinate D-ribonucleotide and diphosphate YP_597093.1 First step of the lipid cycle reactions in the biosynthesis of the cell wall peptidoglycan YP_597094.1 division specific D,D-transpeptidase YP_597099.1 Catalyzes the phosphorylation of L-glutamate during the proline biosynthesis pathway YP_597100.1 catalyzes the formation of glutamate 5-phosphate from glutamate in proline biosynthesis YP_597104.2 catalyzes the formation of ribose 5-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; can transfer ketol groups between several groups; in Escherichia coli there are two tkt genes, tktA expressed during exponential growth and the tktB during stationary phase YP_597105.1 similar to novel fructose-6-phosphate aldolase from Escherichia coli; enzyme from Methanocaldococcus janaschii shows transaldolase activity YP_597110.1 Converts glycerol and ADP to glycerol-3-phosphate and ADP YP_597113.1 glycine--tRNA ligase beta chain; glyS; class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); catalyzes a two-step reaction; first charging a glycine molecule by linking the carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP; second by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_597114.1 glycine--tRNA ligase alpha chain; GlyRS; class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); catalyzes a two-step reaction; first charging a glycine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP; second by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_597128.1 catalyzes the reversible reaction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate; in Streptococcus pyogenes there are two paralogs of tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase, encoded by lacD1 and lacD2; expression of lacD1 is highly regulated by environmental conditions while lacD2 specializes in an efficient utilization of carbohydrate sources YP_597131.1 catalyzes the interconversion of galactose 6-phosphate to tagatose YP_597141.1 associates with free 30S ribosomal subunits; essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA; in Escherichia coli rbfA is induced by cold shock YP_597142.1 Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits during initiation of protein synthesis. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex YP_597145.2 modifies transcription through interactions with RNA polymerase affecting elongation, readthrough, termination, and antitermination YP_597146.1 in Streptococcus pneumoniae this gene was found to be essential; structure determination of the Streptococcus protein shows that it is similar to a number of other proteins YP_597201.1 tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA by transferring the methyl residue from S-adenosyl-L-methionine YP_597216.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a serine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_597217.1 catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA; forms a tetramer composed of two alpha (AccA) and two beta (AccD) subunits; one of the two catalytic subunits that can form the acetyl CoA carboxylase enzyme together with a carrier protein; these proteins present a shorter N-terminus YP_597218.1 catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA; forms a tetramer of AccA2D2 subunits YP_597219.2 an AccC homodimer forms the biotin carboxylase subunit of the acetyl CoA carboxylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of malonyl-CoA, which in turn controls the rate of fatty acid metabolism YP_597220.1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa this enzyme is a trimer of dimers; essential for membrane formation; performs third step of type II fatty acid biosynthesis; catalyzes dehydration of (3R)-hydroxyacyl-ACP to trans-2-acyl-ACP YP_597221.1 composes the biotin carboxyl carrier protein subunit of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex, the enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which in turn controls the rate of fatty acid metabolism YP_597222.1 FabF; beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, KASII; catalyzes a condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis: addition of an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP; required for the elongation of short-chain unsaturated acyl-ACP YP_597223.1 catalyzes the first of the two reduction steps in the elongation cycle of fatty acid synthesis YP_597226.1 carries the fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis YP_597227.1 FabH; beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA with malonyl-ACP to initiate cycles of fatty acid elongation; differs from 3-oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) synthase I and II in that it utilizes CoA thioesters as primers rather than acyl-ACPs YP_597229.1 Catalyzes the reversible hydration of unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA to beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA YP_597230.1 chaperone Hsp40; co-chaperone with DnaK; Participates actively in the response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins and by disaggregating proteins, also in an autonomous, dnaK-independent fashion YP_597231.1 heat shock protein 70; assists in folding of nascent polypeptide chains; refolding of misfolded proteins; utilizes ATPase activity to help fold; co-chaperones are DnaJ and GrpE; multiple copies in some bacteria YP_597232.1 with DnaK and DnaJ acts in response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins; may act as a thermosensor YP_597233.1 Negative regulator of class I heat shock genes (grpE-dnaK-dnaJ and groELS operons). Prevents heat-shock induction of these operons YP_597239.1 allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA YP_597240.1 allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA YP_597241.2 allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA; some Mycoplasma proteins contain an N-terminal fusion to an unknown domain YP_597243.1 pyrazinamidase YP_597244.1 CodY; DNA-binding protein that represses the expression of many genes that are induced as cells make the transition from rapid exponential growth to stationary phase (By similarity). It is a GTP-binding protein that senses the intracellular GTP concentration as an indicator of nutritional limitations. At low GTP concentration it no longer binds GTP and stop to act as a transcriptional repressor YP_597245.2 broad specificity; family IV; in Corynebacterium glutamicum this protein can use glutamate, 2-aminobutyrate, and aspartate as amino donors and pyruvate as the acceptor YP_597252.1 catalyzes branch migration in Holliday junction intermediates YP_597267.1 converts L-alanine to D-alanine which is used in cell wall biosynthesis; binds one pyridoxal phosphate per monomer; forms a homodimer YP_597268.1 Catalyzes the formation of holo-ACP, which mediates the essential transfer of acyl fatty acid intermediates during the biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids YP_597269.1 functions in protein export; can interact with acidic membrane phospholipids and the SecYEG protein complex; binds to preproteins; binds to ATP and undergoes a conformational change to promote membrane insertion of SecA/bound preprotein; ATP hydrolysis appears to drive release of the preprotein from SecA and deinsertion of SecA from the membrane; additional proteins SecD/F/YajC aid SecA recycling; exists in an equilibrium between monomers and dimers; may possibly form higher order oligomers; proteins in this cluster correspond SecA1; SecA2 is not essential and seems to play a role in secretion of a subset of proteins YP_597280.1 Regulates rRNA biosynthesis by transcriptional antitermination YP_597282.1 Involved in peptide bond synthesis; alters the affinity of the ribosome for aminoacyl-tRNA YP_597285.1 The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrA is an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 uvrA and 2 uvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. When the presence of a lesion has been verified by uvrB, the uvrA molecules dissociate YP_597289.1 binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA; helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit YP_597290.1 binds to single stranded DNA and may facilitate the binding and interaction of other proteins to DNA YP_597291.1 binds cooperatively with S18 to the S15-16S complex, allowing platform assembly to continue with S11 and S21 YP_597300.1 An endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids YP_597304.1 involved in translesion DNA polymerization with beta clamp of polymerase III; belongs to Y family of polymerases; does not contain proofreading function YP_597309.1 glycerol uptake facilitator protein YP_597313.1 catalyzes the removal of N-terminal dipeptides when proline is the penultimate residue YP_597318.1 3'-5' exonuclease of DNA polymerase III YP_597321.1 catalyzes the formation of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate YP_597326.1 located in the peptidyl transferase center and involved in assembly of 30S ribosome subunit; similar to what is observed with proteins L31 and L33, some proteins in this family contain CXXC motifs that are involved in zinc binding; if two copies are present in a genome, then the duplicated copy appears to have lost the zinc-binding motif and is instead regulated by zinc; the proteins in this group do not appear to have the zinc-binding motif YP_597327.1 in most organisms, only the N-terminal domain is present in a single polypeptide; in some archaea this domain is fused to a kinase domain; this gene is essential for growth in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis; the secreted glycoprotease from Pasteurella haemolytica showed specificity for O-sialoglycosylated proteins; the Pyrococcus structure shows DNA-binding properties, iron-binding, ATP-binding, and AP endonuclease activity YP_597335.1 Converts 3-phospho-D-glycerate to 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate during the glycolysis pathway YP_597340.1 required for 70S ribosome assembly YP_597341.1 catalyzes the formation of glycerone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from fructose 1,6, bisphosphate YP_597344.1 CTP synthase; cytidine triphosphate synthetase; catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen; in Escherichia coli this enzyme forms a homotetramer YP_597345.1 participates in both the initiation and recycling phases of transcription; in the presence of the delta subunit, RNAP displays an increased specificity of transcription, a decreased affinity for nucleic acids, and an increased efficiency of RNA synthesis because of enhanced recycling YP_597346.1 Tig; RopA; peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase; promotes folding of newly synthesized proteins; binds ribosomal 50S subunit; forms a homodimer YP_597350.1 catalyzes the formation of 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine YP_597351.1 mediates pseudouridylation (positions 38, 39, 40) at the tRNA anticodon region which contributes to the structural stability YP_597366.1 catalyzes the formation of 6-phospho-galactose from a 6-phospho-beta-galactoside YP_597369.1 catalyzes the reversible reaction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate; in Streptococcus pyogenes there are two paralogs of tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase, encoded by lacD1 and lacD2; expression of lacD1 is highly regulated by environmental conditions while lacD2 specializes in an efficient utilization of carbohydrate sources YP_597370.1 catalyzes the formation of tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate from tagatose 6-phosphate and ATP YP_597371.1 catalyzes the interconversion of galactose 6-phosphate to tagatose 6-phosphate YP_597372.1 catalyzes the interconversion of galactose 6-phosphate to tagatose 6-phosphate; tagatose pathway for galactose utilization YP_597378.1 forms a direct contact with the tRNA during translation YP_597379.2 in Escherichia coli this protein is one of the earliest assembly proteins in the large subunit YP_597387.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction; charges a cysteine by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP then transfers the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_597393.1 similar to novel fructose-6-phosphate aldolase from Escherichia coli; enzyme from Methanocaldococcus janaschii shows transaldolase activity YP_597394.1 membrane component; functions with enzymes IIB (sgaB; ulaB) and IIA (sgaA; ulaC) enzyme I and HPr for anaerobic utilization and uptake of L-ascorbate; sgaTBA are regulated by yifQ as well as Crp and Fnr YP_597396.1 transcription antiterminator, BglG family YP_597398.1 primary rRNA binding protein; helps nucleate assembly of 30S; binds directly to the 16S rRNA and an intersubunit bridge to the 23S rRNA; autoregulates translation through interactions with the mRNA leader sequence YP_597401.1 cleaves off formyl group from N-terminal methionine residues of newly synthesized proteins; binds iron(2+) YP_597404.1 catalyzes DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one nucleotide at a time; required for leading strand synthesis; PolC exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity YP_597405.1 catalyzes the formation of prolyl-tRNA(Pro) from proline and tRNA(Pro) YP_597408.1 catalyzes the formation of undecaprenyl pyrophosphate from isopentenyl pyrophosphate YP_597410.1 member of preprotein translocase; forms a heterotrimer with SecD and SecF; links the SecD/SecF/YajC/YidC complex with the SecY/SecE/SecG complex YP_597419.1 hydrolyzes D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) into D-tyrosine and free tRNA(Tyr); possible defense mechanism against a harmful effect of D-tyrosine YP_597420.1 guanosine-3',5'-bis(Diphosphate) 3'-pyrophosphohydrolase YP_597422.1 has a stimulatory effect on the ribonucleotide reductase activity of NrdH with NrdEF YP_597425.1 in Escherichia coli RsmE methylates the N3 position of the U1498 base in 16S rRNA; cells lacking this function can grow, but are outcompeted by wild-type; SAM-dependent m(3)U1498 methyltransferase YP_597426.1 methylates ribosomal protein L11 at multiple amino acid positions; mutations of these genes in Escherichia coli or Thermus thermophilus has no apparent phenotype YP_597433.1 para-aminobenzoate synthetase component I YP_597434.1 TrpG; with TrpE catalyzes the formation of anthranilate and glutamate from chorismate and glutamine; TrpG provides the glutamine amidotransferase activity YP_597471.1 cis/trans isomerase of peptidylprolyl; PPIase; membrane-bound lipoprotein YP_597481.1 forms dimers and octamers; involved in conversion of glycerol to dihydroxy-acetone YP_597482.1 similar to transaldolase from Escherichia coli; many organisms have multiple copies YP_597492.1 forms a complex with SecY and SecG; SecYEG forms a protein-conducting channel to which secA binds and translocates targeted polypeptides across the cytoplasmic membrane, a process driven by ATP and a proton-motive force YP_597493.1 in Escherichia coli BM108, a mutation that results in lack of L33 synthesis had no effect on ribosome synthesis or function; there are paralogous genes in several bacterial genomes, and a CXXC motif for zinc binding and an upstream regulation region of the paralog lacking this motif that are regulated by zinc similar to other ribosomal proteins like L31; the proteins in this group have the CXXC motif YP_597502.2 60 kDa chaperone family; promotes refolding of misfolded polypeptides especially under stressful conditions; forms two stacked rings of heptamers to form a barrel-shaped 14mer; ends can be capped by GroES; misfolded proteins enter the barrel where they are refolded when GroES binds; many bacteria have multiple copies of the groEL gene which are active under different environmental conditions; the B.japonicum protein in this cluster is expressed constitutively; in Rhodobacter, Corynebacterium and Rhizobium this protein is essential for growth YP_597503.2 10 kDa chaperonin; Cpn10; GroES; forms homoheptameric ring; binds to one or both ends of the GroEL double barrel in the presence of adenine nucleotides capping it; folding of unfolded substrates initiates in a GroEL-substrate bound and capped by GroES; release of the folded substrate is dependent on ATP binding and hydrolysis in the trans ring YP_597510.1 peroxiredoxin reductase (NAD(P)H) YP_597511.1 catalyzing the hydrolysis of 4-imidazolone-5-propionate to N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate, the third step in the histidine degradation pathway YP_597513.1 catalyzes the formation of 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate from urocanate during histidine metabolism YP_597516.1 catalyzes the formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate from formate and tetrahydrofolate YP_597519.2 catalyzes the degradation of histidine to urocanate and ammmonia YP_597520.1 catalyzes the formation of glutamate and formamide from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate YP_597522.1 one of the last subunits in the assembly of the 30S subunit; absence of S2 does not inhibit assembly but results in an inactive subunit YP_597523.2 EF-Ts; functions during elongation stage of protein translation; forms a dimer; associates with EF-Tu-GDP complex and promotes exchange of GDP to GTP resulting in regeneration of the active form of EF-Tu YP_597526.1 PTS system, trehalose-specific IIBC component YP_597535.1 Catalyzes the reduction of nucleoside 5'-triphosphates to 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates YP_597538.1 similar to RuvC resolvase with substantial differences; NMR structural information suggests this protein is monomeric; unknown cellular function YP_597540.1 the anti-alpha factor Spx interacts with RNA polymerase alpha subunit C-terminal domain in a region that interacts with the sigma 70 subunit and may interfere with activation of promoters; in Bacillus subtilis this protein is a substrate for ClpXP protease; blocks transcription of the competence regulatory gene encoded by the srf operon; regulates a number of genes involved in thiol homeostasis including trxA and trxB; monomeric member of ArsC family of proteins; does not bind DNA; contains a disulfide bond between C10 and C13 which may sense disulfide stress YP_597541.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of single-stranded DNA, the ATP-dependent uptake of single-stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the ATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs YP_597544.1 plays an essential role in ATP-dependent branch migration of the Holliday junction YP_597546.1 This protein is involved in the repair of mismatches in DNA. It is required for dam-dependent methyl-directed DNA mismatch repair. Promotes the formation of a stable complex between two or more DNA-binding proteins in an ATP-dependent manner without itself being part of a final effector complex YP_597547.1 This protein performs the mismatch recognition step during the DNA repair process YP_597550.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an arginine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase YP_597555.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an aspartate molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; contains discriminating and non-discriminating subtypes YP_597556.2 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a histidine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; forms homodimers; some organisms have a paralogous gene, hisZ, that is similar to hisS and produces a protein that performs the first step in histidine biosynthesis along with HisG YP_597557.1 some L32 proteins have zinc finger motifs consisting of CXXC while others do not YP_597558.1 in Escherichia coli BM108, a mutation that results in lack of L33 synthesis had no effect on ribosome synthesis or function; there are paralogous genes in several bacterial genomes, and a CXXC motif for zinc binding and an upstream regulation region of the paralog lacking this motif that are regulated by zinc similar to other ribosomal proteins like L31; the proteins in this group lack the CXXC motif YP_597575.1 primary rRNA binding protein; nucleates 30S assembly; involved in translational accuracy with proteins S5 and S12; interacts with protein S5; involved in autogeneously regulating ribosomal proteins by binding to pseudoknot structures in the polycistronic mRNA; interacts with transcription complex and functions similar to protein NusA in antitermination YP_597577.1 unwinds double stranded DNA YP_597578.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is wrapped around the base of the L1 stalk YP_597580.1 GidA; glucose-inhibited cell division protein A; involved in the 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification (mnm(5)s(2)U) of the wobble uridine base in some tRNAs YP_597582.1 catalyzes a sulfuration reaction to synthesize 2-thiouridine at the U34 position of tRNAs YP_597587.1 with CbiNQ forms the ABC transporter for cobalt import; Streptococcus has two adjacent copies of this gene YP_597588.1 with CbiNQ forms the ABC transporter for cobalt import; Streptococcus has two adjacent copies of this gene YP_597597.1 Required for DNA replication; binds preferentially to single-stranded, linear DNA YP_597599.1 catalyzes the synthesis of xanthosine monophosphate by the NAD+ dependent oxidation of inosine monophosphate YP_597600.2 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a tryptophan molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_597607.1 SPOUT methyltransferase; crystal structure shows homodimer; in Escherichia coli this protein methylates pseudouridine at position 1915 of the 23S ribosomal RNA